开发者如何对web项目做性能测试？

在实际项目开发中，大家的对于项目的性能是如何测试的？

常用的服务器：jetty，tomcat，jboss,welogic

常用的测试手段：apache ab,jmeter,loadrunner

如何评估一个项目能够承载百万级，千万级，亿万级的访问量呢。临界点在哪？

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1个牛币开发者 web项目性能测试压力测试

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最代码官方 LV168 2014年10月14日

软件性能测试需要在已知的硬件配置和软件参数配置下测试才有意义。

最代码的服务器是单核，2g内存

tomcat中jvm参数配置：

`1`	`JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS -server -Xms256m -Xmx1024m -XX:NewSize=128m -XX:MaxNewSize=128m -XX:PermSize=128m -XX:MaxPermSize=128m -XX:+DisableExplicitGC"`

运行结果：

01[root@AY131127173600769912Z local]# ab -c 20 -t 10 "http://www.zuidaima.com/"
02This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
03Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
04Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
05 
06Benchmarking www.zuidaima.com (be patient)
07Finished 11 requests
08 
09 
10Server Software:        nginx/1.5.6
11Server Hostname:        www.zuidaima.com
12Server Port:            80
13 
14Document Path:          /
15Document Length:        116427 bytes
16 
17Concurrency Level:      20
18Time taken for tests:   10.171361 seconds
19Complete requests:      11
20Failed requests:        0
21Write errors:           0
22Total transferred:      1348923 bytes
23HTML transferred:       1346007 bytes
24Requests per second:    1.08 [#/sec] (mean)
25Time per request:       18493.384 [ms] (mean)
26Time per request:       924.669 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
27Transfer rate:          129.48 [Kbytes/sec] received
28 
29Connection Times (ms)
30              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
31Connect:        0 1385 769.3   1872    1872
32Processing:   531 5231 2627.5   6643    7185
33Waiting:        0 4918 2838.6   6338    7040
34Total:       1872 6616 3102.1   8515    9057
35 
36Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
37  50%   8515
38  66%   8523
39  75%   8740
40  80%   8740
41  90%   8877
42  95%   9057
43  98%   9057
44  99%   9057
45 100%   9057 (longest request)

top截图：

cpu已经飙到90%，响应时间50%以上8秒显然是不可接受的，所以需要在软件上做优化，当然最简单的就是升级硬件。

2014-10-24 18:00测试结果

增加ehcache机制后，同样的命令执行后截图：

01[root@AY131127173600769912Z ~]# ab -c 20 -t 10 "http://www.zuidaima.com/"
02This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
03Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
04Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
05 
06Benchmarking www.zuidaima.com (be patient)
07Finished 136 requests
08 
09 
10Server Software:        nginx/1.5.6
11Server Hostname:        www.zuidaima.com
12Server Port:            80
13 
14Document Path:          /
15Document Length:        125049 bytes
16 
17Concurrency Level:      20
18Time taken for tests:   10.12944 seconds
19Complete requests:      136
20Failed requests:        0
21Write errors:           0
22Total transferred:      17162626 bytes
23HTML transferred:       17128849 bytes
24Requests per second:    13.58 [#/sec] (mean)
25Time per request:       1472.492 [ms] (mean)
26Time per request:       73.625 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
27Transfer rate:          1673.83 [Kbytes/sec] received
28 
29Connection Times (ms)
30              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
31Connect:        0    8  21.9      0      63
32Processing:    56 1299 1285.2    874    8971
33Waiting:        0 1127 1169.9    637    8769
34Total:         56 1308 1296.5    874    9034
35 
36Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
37  50%    874
38  66%   1512
39  75%   1768
40  80%   2054
41  90%   2746
42  95%   4145
43  98%   5087
44  99%   5682
45 100%   9034 (longest request)

可以看到性能比原先提高了不少，接下来还会继续优化。起码从软件层做到性能最大化。

2015-12-9 13:40测试结果

双核，2G内存,tomcat server.xml修改配置

01<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
02<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
03    <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/>
04    <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener"/>
05    <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener"/>
06    <Service name="Catalina">
07        <Executor maxThreads="500" minSpareThreads="4" name="tomcatThreadPool" namePrefix="catalina-exec-"/>
08        <Connector URIEncoding="UTF-8" connectionTimeout="20000" executor="tomcatThreadPool" port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1" redirectPort="8443"/>
09        <Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina">
10            <Host name="localhost"
11            xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
12          <Context docBase="/data/www/www.zuidaima.com_8080" path="/" disableURLRewriting="true" sessionCookieName="zdmid"/>
13    </Host>
14        </Engine>
15    </Service>
16</Server>

01[root@AY131127173600769912Z ~]# ab -t 10 -c 20 "http://www.zuidaima.com/"
02This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
03Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
04Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
05 
06Benchmarking www.zuidaima.com (be patient)
07Finished 116 requests
08 
09 
10Server Software:        nginx/1.5.6
11Server Hostname:        www.zuidaima.com
12Server Port:            80
13 
14Document Path:          /
15Document Length:        110272 bytes
16 
17Concurrency Level:      20
18Time taken for tests:   10.34452 seconds
19Complete requests:      116
20Failed requests:        97
21   (Connect: 0, Length: 97, Exceptions: 0)
22Write errors:           0
23Total transferred:      12885678 bytes
24HTML transferred:       12857004 bytes
25Requests per second:    11.56 [#/sec] (mean)
26Time per request:       1730.078 [ms] (mean)
27Time per request:       86.504 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
28Transfer rate:          1253.98 [Kbytes/sec] received
29 
30Connection Times (ms)
31              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
32Connect:        0    1   3.0      0      11
33Processing:   482 1658 1255.6   1049    4221
34Waiting:      472 1614 1263.7    975    4193
35Total:        482 1659 1256.4   1049    4222
36 
37Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
38  50%   1049
39  66%   2017
40  75%   2031
41  80%   2031
42  90%   4219
43  95%   4220
44  98%   4222
45  99%   4222
46 100%   4222 (longest request)

2015-12-14 18:57测试结果

将动态列表的id采用redis查询机制后的测试结果

01[root@AY131127173600769912Z ~]# ab -t 10 -c 20 "http://www.zuidaima.com/"
02This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
03Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
04Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
05 
06Benchmarking www.zuidaima.com (be patient)
07Finished 187 requests
08 
09 
10Server Software:        nginx/1.5.6
11Server Hostname:        www.zuidaima.com
12Server Port:            80
13 
14Document Path:          /
15Document Length:        92916 bytes
16 
17Concurrency Level:      20
18Time taken for tests:   10.57819 seconds
19Complete requests:      187
20Failed requests:        0
21Write errors:           0
22Total transferred:      17428925 bytes
23HTML transferred:       17383241 bytes
24Requests per second:    18.59 [#/sec] (mean)
25Time per request:       1075.703 [ms] (mean)
26Time per request:       53.785 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
27Transfer rate:          1692.22 [Kbytes/sec] received
28 
29Connection Times (ms)
30              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
31Connect:        0    0   0.2      0       1
32Processing:   260 1038 535.8    961    6218
33Waiting:      225  987 536.5    916    6217
34Total:        260 1038 535.9    961    6219
35 
36Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
37  50%    959
38  66%   1116
39  75%   1220
40  80%   1255
41  90%   1514
42  95%   1732
43  98%   2194
44  99%   2470
45 100%   6219 (longest request)

感觉性能变化不大，期待后续的优化。

加一个100并发的测试用例，为以后优化有个参考：

01[root@AY131127173600769912Z ~]# ab -t 10 -c 100 "http://www.zuidaima.com/"
02This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
03Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
04Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
05 
06Benchmarking www.zuidaima.com (be patient)
07Finished 126 requests
08 
09 
10Server Software:        nginx/1.5.6
11Server Hostname:        www.zuidaima.com
12Server Port:            80
13 
14Document Path:          /
15Document Length:        95415 bytes
16 
17Concurrency Level:      100
18Time taken for tests:   10.20080 seconds
19Complete requests:      126
20Failed requests:        0
21Write errors:           0
22Total transferred:      12118461 bytes
23HTML transferred:       12087357 bytes
24Requests per second:    12.57 [#/sec] (mean)
25Time per request:       7952.444 [ms] (mean)
26Time per request:       79.524 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
27Transfer rate:          1181.03 [Kbytes/sec] received
28 
29Connection Times (ms)
30              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
31Connect:        0   10  11.3      3      26
32Processing:  1812 3970 1323.1   3777    8118
33Waiting:     1724 3912 1317.0   3700    8117
34Total:       1812 3981 1324.4   3799    8121
35 
36Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
37  50%   3799
38  66%   4518
39  75%   4793
40  80%   4934
41  90%   5868
42  95%   6512
43  98%   7101
44  99%   7380
45 100%   8121 (longest request)

aide_941 LV9 2015年11月3日

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